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1. Define the following terms?
phoneme: It's an abstract set of units as the basis of our speech.
Phonemic system? the complete set of these units’phonemes’ is called the phonemic system.
Allophone: when we talk about different realisations of phonemes, we sometimes call these realisations allophones.

2. What does "complementary distribution" mean?
When we find this strict separation of places where particular realisations’aspirated and unaspirated realisations’ can occur, we say that the realisations are in complementary distribution.

3. What is the difference between phonemic and phonetic transcription?
In phonemic transcription every speech sound must be identified as one of the phonemes and written with the appropriate symbol and it doesn't have to indicate precise quality, but phonetic transcription is much more accurate in phonetic detail, and contains much more information than a phonemic transcription.

4. How many types of phonemic transcription do we have? What is their difference?
There are two different kinds of transcription exercise: in one, transcription from dictation, the student must listen to a person, or a recording, and write down what they hear; in the other, transcription from a written text, the student is given a passage written in orthography and must use phonemic symbols to represent how she or he thinks it would be pronounced by a speaker of a particular accent.

5. What is phonology? What does it study?
When we talk about how phonemes function in language, and the relationships among the different phonemes, in other words, we study the abstract side of the sounds of language, we are studying a related but different subject that we call phonology.

6. What is the meaning of "suprasegmental features"?
sound contrasts’Stress and Intonation’ that extend over several segments ‘phonemes’, and such contrasts are called suprasegmental.