دو زمان اصلی گذشته وجود دارند که برای منظورهای عمومی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند: گذشته ساده و گذشته استمراری. این دو زمان کاملاً متفاوت هستند. از زمان گذشته ساده در مواردی استفاده کنید که عمل مورد نظر در زمان معینی در گذشته به اتمام رسیده باشد.

Tom flew to Chicago last week.
Peter visited his friends in Florida two months ago.


نکات ابتدایی: گذشته استمراری

گذشته استمراری در مورد عملی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد که در حین انجام عمل مهم دیگری در حال جریان بوده باشد.

They were doing their homework when she arrived.
Jack was studying while Dave was cooking dinner..

از زمان گذشته استمراری برای بیان عملی که در لحظه ای خاص در گذشته در حال جریان بوده، استفاده می شود.

I was attending a lecture at 2.30 yesterday afternoon.
Alice was reading a book at six yesterday evening.


ساختار گذشته ساده

مثبت
Subject + Verb + ed OR Irregular Past Form + Objects

I, You, He, She, We, They -> played golf yesterday afternoon.
I, You, He, She, We, They -> went lunch at noon.

منفی

Subject + did not (didn't) + Verb + Objects

I, You, He, She, We, They -> didn't go on vacation last summer.

Subject + did not (doesn't) + Verb + Objects

سؤالی

(Why, What, etc.) + did + Subject + Verb + Objects?

Did -> I, you, we, they -> attend the meeting last week?



ساختار گذشته استمراری

مثبت
Subject + conjugate the helping verb "be" + verb + -ing.

I was, You were, He was, She was, We were, You were, They were -> watching TV when I arrived.


منفی

Subject + conjugate the helping verb "be" + not + verb + -ing.

I wasn't, You weren't, He wasn't, She wasn't, We wasn't, You wasn't, They wasn't -> working when he came into the room.


سؤالی

Question word + conjugate the helping verb 'be' + subject + verb + -ing

What -> were you, they -> doing at seven o'clock?
What -> was I, he, she -> doing at seven o'clock?

salam

Matlabetoon khoob bood vali sai konid ke baraye kare site be bayane khodetoon benevisid va mesale bishtar dare morede mozooate grammer benevisid.

Ba tashakor
Moshtaghi