دوشنبه, 17 ارديبهشت 1403

 



موضوع: falling intonation

falling intonation 10 سال 1 ساعت ago #72818

Falling Intonation
Standard patterns
Standard unemphatic falling intonation is the most common type of intonation in English. It is used in statements (declarative sentences), special questions, commands (imperative sentences), exclamatory sentences, in the first part of disjunctive questions and in the last part of alternative questions. (Different types of sentences are described in Basic Word Order in the section Grammar.) The final fall in English is used on the last stressed syllable of a sentence and falls stronger and deeper than the fall in Russian.
Statements
We live in \MOScow.
She is ten years \OLD.
He doesn't have a \CAR.
I don't want to \CALL her.
I haven't read this \BOOK.
They left for London \YESterday.
I'd like a sandwich and a cup of \COFfee, please.
Special questions
Where do you \LIVE?
When did you \CALL him?
How much \IS it?
What are you \READing?
Commands
\STOP it! Sit \DOWN.
Close your books and \LISten.
Turn left at the \POST office.
Exclamatory sentences
How \NICE of you!
Hel\LO! Good \MORNing!
What a wonderful sur\PRISE!
Alternative questions
Do you want /COFfee or \TEA?
Did he visit /BELgium or \FRANCE last year?
Would you like to go for a /WALK or would you rather stay \HOME?
You can listen to examples of falling intonation in different types of sentences in Listening for Falling and Rising Intonation (AmE) and Listening for Intonation in Questions and Answers (AmE) in the section Phonetics.

Meaning of falling intonation
Falling intonation is used for asking and giving information in normal, quiet, unemphatic style. At the same time, falling intonation conveys certain emotions, such as completion, finality, confidence. Falling intonation sounds more categorical, confident, and convincing than rising intonation. Compare the use of the falling tone and the rising tone in the second part of tag questions.
Tag questions
You \LIVE here, /DON'T you? (The speaker thinks you live here but isn't sure and asks for confirmation.)
You \LIVE here, \DON'T you? (The speaker is sure and expects the answer "yes".)
Nice \WEATHer, /ISN'T it? (The speaker thinks that the weather is nice but asks for your opinion and confirmation.)
Nice \WEATHer, \ISN'T it? (The speaker is sure the weather is nice and expects the answer "yes".)
Note that the falling tone is always used in the first part of tag questions (disjunctive questions). Despite the fact that tag questions are asked to get confirmation and agreement, the answer may be affirmative or negative. (Read more about different types of questions, including tag questions, in Word Order in Questions in the section Grammar.)
مدير دسترسي عمومي براي نوشتن را غيرفعال كرده.
مدیران انجمن: زهره چکنی